Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common postoperative neurocognitive complication in pediatric patients that can affect the recovery quality of children, which adds a burden to the family and society. However, currently, there is no specific evidence‑based guideline for pediatric POD. This review summarized the clinical advances in pediatric POD in terms of risk factors, diagnosis, and intervention aims to strengthen perioperative management, reduce the risk of POD, and improve the prognosis of children. Age, preoperative anxiety, and pain are essential predictors of POD in children. Alleviating preoperative anxiety is a critical factor in preventing POD. Pediatric Anaesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) is the most commonly used and validated scale for identifying pediatric POD. Up to now, it is not clear which drug is the best agent for preventing POD. To further understand POD in children, it is necessary to perform multi‑center studies with large‑scale enrollment using a unified neuropsychiatric scale.