In recent years, non‑invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been widely used in the treatment of anxiety, pain, Parkinson's disease and other neuropsychiatric disorders. It is necessary to assess its application in perioperative medicine. This review summarizes the basic principles of NIBS, and discusses the development of perioperative sedation, analgesia and organ function regulation, and predict its clinical application potential, so as to provide new thoughts for perioperative comfort medicine.