Children are at greater risk of anxiety than adults during the perioperative period, which is an unfavorable factor that both doctors and patients face. With the advance of technology in recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been gradually used in medical field. More importantly, an increasing number of domestic and oversee researchers have realized the unique advantages of virtual reality, especially in anxiety management. This article focuses on the role of VR for alleviating perioperative anxiety in children, summarizes VR and perioperative anxiety in children, and the timing, methods, content and forms of VR against anxiety. This article also discusses the effect of VR against perioperative anxiety in children and influencing factors. The application of VR in medical field is promising, which can bring more benefits to both doctors and patients.