Epidural labor analgesia is recognized as the most effective and widely used technology to relieve labor pain, while its impact on fetus and newborn has attracted continuous attention and caused controversy. In the current study, we reviewed the related research on the effect of epidural labor analgesia on fetuses and newborns. Epidural labor analgesia can effectively block the noxious afferent stimulation and reduce the severity of maternal stress response. It is necessary to explore the best way to improve maternal and infant outcomes.