The diet management in labor has always been controversial. A loose diet may increase the risk of aspiration during anesthesia, while restricting oral intake may increase the risk of cesarean section due to excessive physical consumption and insufficient supplement during labor. For there are no unified national and international standards. This review summarized recent evidences and research on this topic and guidelines from major academic organizations. Obstetricians, anesthesiologists, and midwives should build up good communications and plans to ensure the safety of mothers and newborns simultaneously.