The problems on postoperative sleep are common in surgical patients. postoperative sleep disturbances are related to postoperative complications such as postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, which affect postoperative immune function, have a negative impact on postoperative recovery, and may turn into chronic insomnia, bringing physical and mental harm to patients. In recent years, there have been continuous studies focusing on postoperative sleep, using various measures to reduce postoperative sleep disturbances, so as to enhance postoperative recovery of patients. It is the basis of postoperative sleep research to evaluate postoperative sleep quality accurately. There are different categories and complex contents on clinical sleep quality assessment tools at present, bringing a lot of trouble to related workers. This article will review the current sleep assessment tools and their selections and applications in domestic and foreign research, so as to provide a reference for the rational selection of postoperative sleep assessment tools in clinical practice.