Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is a complication following unintentional dural puncture during epidural analgesia, or intentional dural puncture during spinal anesthesia, diagnostic or interventional neuraxial procedures. Due to the lack of structured recommendations in previous reviews on the prevention and treatment of PDPH, in August 2023, six academic societies including the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine released the “Consensus practice guidelines on postdural puncture headache from a multisociety, international working group”. This evidence‑based guideline provides a comprehensive overview, and address 10 questions regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PDPH, resulting in 47 recommendations and 37 statements. This review aims to summarize and interpret the key points of the guidelines, in order to increase awareness among anesthesiologists about new strategies for PDPH prevention and management in China.