Objective To investigate the effects of fentynal combined sevoflurane postconditioning on ventricular functions of isolated perfused rat hearts. Methods Isolated perfused rat hearts were randomly assigned to the following four groups: ischemia/ reperfusion(Con) , sevoflurane postconditioning(SPC), fentanyl postconditioning(Fent), and fentanyl plus sevoflurane postconditioning(Fent+SPC). All of the hearts subjected to 40 min global myocardial ischemia and 120min reperfusion. Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum increase rate of LVDP(+dp/dt), maximum decrease rate of LVDP (-dp/dt), heart rate (HR), and coronary flow (CF) were recorded. Lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) was measured. Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Results The LVSP, LVDP, ±dp/dt, CF were higher in SPC group than Con group at all points of reperfusion(P<0.05). The Fent and Fent+SPC group significantly improved the LVSP, LVDP, ±dp/dt and CF at the beginning of reperfusion, which were reduced to a level similar to the Con group at the end of reperfusion. There were no significant diffirences of HR between the four groups. The SPC, Fent and Fent+SPC group had a significantly reduced CK and LDH release and decreased infarct size compared with the Con group (22.7%±2.3%, 20.6%±2.8%, 21.3%±3.3% vs Con: 45.8%±3.2%, respectively; P<0.05). Conclusion Sevoflurane postconditioning improvs myocardial functions, reduces infarct size, fentynal combined sevoflurane postconditioning inhibits ventricular functions but has no influence on myocardial infarct size.