Zygapophysial joint syndrome is one of the causes of chronic cervical and low back pain. At present, mainly in clinical X-ray facet joint injection, medial branch block and medial branch neurolysis guided by X-ray in clinical is widely utilized to diagnose or treat the pain originated from the zygapophysial joint dysfonction. In recent years, ultrasound as a non-radioactive, convenient, real-time technology, was found to be able to guide the interventional diagnosis and treatment of zygapophysial joint syndrome. Its research focus on the clinical application of the technology, relevant efficacy, limitations and prospects for development.