背景 低温特别是浅低温对脑缺血缺氧性损伤具有保护作用,其降温方法近年来有了较为深入的研究，并取得了较大进展。目的 分析总结各种浅低温降温法及其作用机制。内容 浅低温降温法主要有全身浅低温降温法和局部浅低温降温法即选择性头部浅低温降温法，每种降温法又分为无创浅低温降温法和有创浅低温降温法。浅低温分为缺血前浅低温、缺血期浅低温和缺血后浅低温，前二者又称为早期低温, 而缺血后浅低温又称为晚期低温或延迟性低温。低温脑保护的作用机制分为早期机制和远期机制。趋向 探讨降温速度快、可控、无创、并发症少的选择性脑低温是目前研究的方向,也是今后的治疗重点。
Background Hypothermia especial mild hypothermia can protect brain against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.Cooling methods were further investigated. Objective This paper sums up literatures on methods and mechanisms of mild hypothermia. Content Cooling methods include mainly systemic cooling and local cooling/ selective head cooling. Each cooling method consists of non-invasive cooling and invasive cooling. Mild hypothermia may be diveded into preischemia hypothermia, intraischemia hypothermia and postischemia hypothermia, the former two are also called early hypothermia, and the later called late hypothermia or delayed hypothermia. The mechanisms of mild hypothermia include early mechanism and late mechanism. Trend The non-invasive selective head cooling which has a fast speed of induction, a safe accessory technique, and few comlications may be recommended to treat cerebral ischemia.
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