Abstract: Background Many evidences have showed that mechanical ischemic and pharmacological postconditioning have definite protective effects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sevoflurane, a new and ideal volatile anesthetic, is most commonly used to maintain the state of general anesthesia. Experiments have showed that sevoflurane postconditioning can protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Purpose The article elaborates myocardial protection of sevoflurane postconditioning and Its mechanism by summarizing research progresses in recent years. Content Sevoflurane postconditioning can reduce reperfusion myocardial infarct size, mitochondrial damage and ventricular arrhythmia, improve cardiac hemodynamics after reperfusion. Its role in myocardial protection involve complex mechanisms, such as blocking mitochondrial permeability transition pore, activating mitochondrial KATP-Channels, extracellular singal-regulated kinase1/2 and phatidylinositol-3-kinase -serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway ,and so on. Trend To provide the reliable basis for the practice work，researches in future should be taken to further explore sevoflurane postconditioning on myocardial protection mechanism，and strengthen the clinical applications of sevoflurane postconditioning.