Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), a common tough clinical problem, needs appropriate preoperative assessment and perioperative treatment to keep patient safe during perioperative period. Lung function testing has become to be an essential preoperative test, in which the most commonly used parameters are forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to expected value and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). Meanwhile, maximal oxygen demand （VO2max）can be used to assess the complex clinical condition of patients more scientifically, and is considered to be the most valuable evaluation index. The purpose of preparation before surgery in patient with COPD is to remove factors that aggravate lung damage and to improve reversible pathological changes, including anti-inflammatory, spasmolysis and reliving asthma. General anesthesia combined with epidural block, as well as protective transfusion and ventilation strategy during the operation, is effective in maintaining perioperative stable and reducing postoperative accident of pneumonedema on patient.