国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2012, Issue (1): 0-0
    
小剂量氯胺酮辅助全身麻醉对术后疼痛的影响
王哲银, 杨亚丽 , 马立刚1()
1.深圳市人民医院,暨南大学附属第二医院
Effect of combined general anesthesia with Small-dose Ketamine on postoperative pain
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摘要:

目的:观察小剂量氯胺酮辅助全身麻醉对术后疼痛的影响。方法:40例择期行腹部手术患者,ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级,年龄29~83岁,随机分为两组。氯胺酮组(KG):诱导后氯胺酮0.5mg/Kg,持续泵注5μg•kg-1•min-1至手术结束;生理盐水对照组(CG):持续泵注等容量的生理盐水。两组均采用咪达唑仑0.03mg/kg、芬太尼 2.0μg/kg、维库溴铵0.1mg/kg、丙泊酚1-2mg/kg相同的麻醉诱导;瑞芬太尼和七氟烷维持麻醉并至关腹时停用。记录监测:入室后、诱导前、诱导后、插管即刻、切皮、关腹和拔管时血流动力学变化和BIS值;术毕清醒时间和拔管时间;术后不同时间点镇痛镇静评分、曲马多用量。结果: KG组在拔管后第10、15分钟的VRS比CG组低(P <0.01),Ramsay评分较CG组高(P <0.01);术后CG组首次追加曲马多的时间明显提前(P <0.05),两组复苏室曲马多累积用量比较具有统计学意义(P <0.01)。两组围术期血流动力学参数、患者术毕睁眼时间、拔管时间相比无明显差异。结论:术中持续使用小剂量氯胺酮,能减轻术后疼痛评分,减少曲马多用量,提示小剂量氯胺酮对临床相关浓度瑞芬太尼所诱发的术后痛觉过敏具有预防作用。

关键词: 瑞芬太尼;氯胺酮;疼痛;曲马多
Abstract:

Objective To observe the Effect of combined general anesthesia with Small-dose Ketamine on postoperative pain. Methods: Fourty patients aged 29~83 yr (ASAⅠ~Ⅲ)scheduled for major abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to receive intraoperative low-dose ketamine(bolus dose of 0.5mg/Kg followed by continuous infusion of 5 μg•kg-1•min-1) or an equal volume of saline during remifentanil/sevoflurane anesthesia.Then anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.03mg/Kg, fentanyl 2μg/Kg, vecuronium 0.1mg/Kg, propofol 1-2mg/Kg. The index of hemodynamics and Bispectral index of the electroencephalogram were recorded at following time points: before induction、after induction、orotracheal intubation、 piece 、skin closure and extubation; The time point of emergence from anesthesia and extubation; Pain scores、sedation scores and postoperative tramodal consumption were recored. Awakening time and extubation time were recorded as well. Results: KG group VRS in 15 minutes after extubation were lower than CG group(P <0.01) ;Ramsay sedation score were higher than CG group(P <0.01); Patients required tramadol earlier than in KG group for the first time(P <0.05); Tramadol comsumption in PACU were much more than KG group (P <0.01). Conclusion: Intraoperative low-dose ketamine could lighten postoperative pain and sedation score 、decrease tramodal consumption. These data suggest that small-dose ketamine could prevent clinically relevant concentrations of remifentanil-induced postoperative hyperalgesia; Intraoperative low-dose ketamine had no effect on awakening time and extubation time, which suggest that it could be safety compounded in general anesthesia.

Key words: Remifentanil; Ketamine;Pain; Tramadol