【Abstract】 Background Opioid-induced hyperalgesia has received increasing attention, and the mechanisms need further investigation. Objective To expound some possible mechanisms of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in the spinal cord level, which may offer some methods for prevention of the hyperalgesia in clinic. Content This review provides some information about opioid-induced hyperalgesia in the spinal cord level, such as the receptors pathway, signal transduction pathway, neuropeptide and so on. Trend The detailed mechanism of opioid-induced hyperalgesia in the spinal cord level needs further study.