Background Leukotriene is a kind of lipid molecule, which possess multiple biological functions in inflammatory diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. And Leukotriene is found in inflammatory productions which facilitates the production of pain. Objective This review summarizes researches on the relationship between leukotriene and pain. It reveals that leukotriene is an essential inflammatory factor in the development of pain. Content This review describes the structure and biological functions of leukotriene. It points out that leukotriene participate in the development of pain(such as inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain) though inflammatory factors, ion channels and glials. Trend As the expend of the study of leukotriene, leukotriene will be a new target of pain treatment.