目的 探讨七氟烷麻醉对新生大鼠学习记忆功能功能的影响。方法 新生7 dSD大鼠80只，采用完全随机设计随机分为5组（每组16只）：A、B组分别吸入3%七氟烷6 h和2 h；C、D组分别吸入1.5%七氟烷6 h和2 h；E组吸入空气对照组。新生大鼠麻醉后分别于第21～23天（Ⅰ期）和第60～62天（Ⅱ期）各组行Y型迷宫试验后立即处死大鼠，取大鼠脑海马组织，进行免疫组织化学染色，测定N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸1（N-methy-D-aspatrate receptor 1, NMDAR1）的表达。结果 与E组比较，A组Ⅰ期Y 型迷宫第1 天测试结果中的全天总反应时间（total reaction time, TRT）和错误次数（error number, EN）分别为（100±19）s和（9.2±1.1）次（P＜0.05），第2天～第3天时无统计学差异，余各组Ⅰ期Y型迷宫测试结果无统计学差异（P＞0.05）；与E组比较，Ⅱ期各组Y型迷宫测试结果均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期各组海马NMDAR1的表达差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 吸入1.5%七氟烷不会导致幼年大鼠学习记忆功能减退；吸入3%七氟烷6 h对幼年大鼠早期可产生一过性学习记忆功能减退，对远期学习记忆功能未见明显影响。
Objective To investigate the effects of sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia on learning and memory function in neonatal rats. Methods Eighty 1 week old SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups with 16 rats each group: A, B groups of inhaled 3% sevoflurane 6 h and 2 h; C,D group inhaled 1.5% sevoflurane 6 h and 2 h; group E inhaled air as control. Learning and memory function was assessed using Y-maze test at P21～P23(Ⅰstage) and P60～P62(Ⅱstage) after anesthesia. The animals were killed immediately after the tests and hippocampus was isolated and expression using immuno-histochemical technique. Results The first day of total reaction time(TRT) and error number(EN) in group A Ⅰstage Y-maze were （100±19）s and （9.2±1.1） times compared with control group E(P＜0.05), there was no difference in 2th-3th day, the other groups showed no difference(P＞0.05); there were no differences in Ⅱperiod Y-maze test (P＞0.05). While there was no significant difference in N-methy-D-aspatrate receptor1( NMDAR1) expression of each group inⅠandⅡstage(P＞0.05). Conclusions Inhalation of 1.5% sevoflurane does not induce learning and memory function decline in neonatal rats. Inhalation of 3.0% sevoflurane 6 h can induce transient learning and memory functiondecline in neonatal rats, and there was no significant difference for future learning and momory.
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