Background Cold hypersensitivity is a common symptom of inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain, although the internal mechanism is still unclear. Objective To explore the internal mechanism of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A，member 1(TRPA1) and transient receptor potential melastatin 8(TRPM8) in cold hypersensitivity. Content The studies about the molecular structure and gating mechanism of TRPA1 and TRPM8, the function and of two receptors in cold hypersensitivity in noxious cold, inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain were reviewed. Trend Progress in the study of TRPA1 and TRPM8 in cold hypersensitivity will contribute to identify the pathogenesis of cold hypersensitivity, thus to provide theoretical foundation for the discovery of antagonists.