Background　Mitochondria is a major intracellular compartment for ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. The function of mitochondria is pivotal for the maintenance of cell homeostasis.　Objective　Focusing on the dynamic changes of mitochondrial function， we summarized its function in ischemic cerebral injury to provide new insights into related academic fields.　Content　The mitochondria is constantly undergoing dynamic， including mitochondrial biogenesis， mitophagy， fission and fusion. Numerous studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial dynamics play an important role in various kinds of injuries and repair processes in cerebral ischemia.　Trend　Bolstering mitochondrial biogenesis and regulating mitophagy，fission and fusion could reduce ischemic brain injury via regulating mitochondria function， thus provide an effective neuroprotective strategy.