背景 肺组织的水转运主要发生在肺泡与肺间质之间。肺泡上皮细胞的水转运系统由Na+-K+-ATP酶和水通道蛋白（aquaporin， AQP）等组成。AQP是内在膜蛋白家族的成员之一，是一种水分跨膜运输的功能性通道蛋白，广泛存在于动物和植物细胞中。 目的 了解AQP在肺组织水转运中的作用及其表达调控的影响因素。 内容 AQP通过肺泡上皮促进水转运并且无论在生理或病理状态下均对呼吸系统水的平衡起重要作用。目前发现肺有6种AQPs表达，即AQP1、AQP3、AQP4、AQP5、AQP8和AQP9。AQPs对水的通透性和蛋白表达水平受到许多因素的调节，调节方式包括短期调节和长期调节等。 趋向 关于AQP在肺组织水转运中的作用及其表达调控影响因素的研究仍在探索与讨论中，为临床上治疗急性肺水肿等疾病提供了新思路。
Background Water transport occurs mainly in the lung tissue between alveolar and interstitial spaces. Water transport system in alveolar epithelial cells consists of the Na+?蛳K+-ATPase and aquaporin（AQP）. AQPs are members of intrinsic membrane proteins which can facilitate the transport of water across membranes. Objective To systematically summarize the role and regulation of AQPs in lung water transport. Content Studies have reported that AQPs facilitate water transport through the alveolar epithelium which plays an important role in water balance physiologically and pathologically in respiratory system. Currently six types of AQPs are expressed in the lungs， i.e.， AQP1， AQP3， AQP4， AQP5， AQP8， and AQP9， and can be regulated by many factors. The short-and long-term regulation regulation of lung water transport by AQP will be discussed. Trend Research into the effect of AQPs in lung water transport is still ongoing， which may provide new thoughts for clinical therapy of acute pulmonary edema in future.
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