背景 瑞芬太尼是临床麻醉中应用广泛的阿片类药物，具有起效快、半衰期短、无蓄积等优点，但瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏发生率高，且目前尚无有效的预防措施。右美托咪定作为高度选择性的α2肾上腺素受体（α2-adrenergic receptor， α2AR）激动剂，具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑等作用。近期有文献报道，右美托咪定对瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏有预防作用。 目的 探讨右美托咪定对瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏的影响及机制。 内容 将瑞芬太尼诱发痛觉过敏可能的机制，以及右美托咪定预防瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏的证据及可能的机制进行归纳总结。 趋向 随着对瑞芬太尼痛觉过敏的深入研究，将为瑞芬太尼致痛觉过敏的机制研究及解决临床问题提供新的思路。
Background Remifentanil is widely used in clinical anesthesia with its rapid onset， short half-time， and no accumulation properties. However， the incidence of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia remains relatively high and lack of effective preventive measures. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor（α2AR） agonist， providing sedation， analgesia and antianxiety properties. Recent studies indicated that dexmedetomidine can prevent remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Objective This review focus on the recent research advances in mechanisms of preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Content This review will summarize the potential mechanisms of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia， as well as the evidence and probable mechanisms of dexmedetomidine in preventing remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Trend With further in-depth studies， mechanisms of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia will be illustrated which will further lead to new therapies.
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