国际麻醉学与复苏杂志   2015, Issue (3): 8-8
    
收肌管阻滞与股神经阻滞用于半月板切除术术后早期镇痛的比较
陶岩, 周海滨, 张伟, 王庚, 岳云1()
1.北京积水潭医院
Analgesic efficacy of Adductor Canal Block After Arthroscopic Menisectomy
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摘要:

目的 收肌管阻滞用于膝关节手术后镇痛是新的尝试,本研究拟与传统的股神经阻滞比较,对膝关节镜下半月板切除术术后早期镇痛的效果。方法 择期行半月板切除手术患者40例,随机分为收肌管阻滞组(ACB组)和股神经阻滞组(FNB组),每组20例。两组在连续硬膜外麻醉下完成手术。麻醉前在超声引导下行收肌管阻滞和股神经阻滞,用药为0.5%罗哌卡因20ml。记录术后2、6、12、24h静息下、主动运动(直腿抬高)和被动运动(被动膝关节屈曲60度)时镇痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)以及股四头肌肌力分级、用药不良反应和使用镇痛药的情况。结果 两组患者术后均达到良好镇痛,术后24小时内两组VAS评分差异无统计学意义。术后12h内股四头肌肌力分级FNB组明显低于ACB组(P﹤0.01),术后24h两组股四头肌肌力分级差异无统计学意义。两组均无明显的不良反应。结论 膝关节镜下半月板切除术后,股神经阻滞和收肌管阻滞都可以提供良好的术后早期镇痛,但是收肌管阻滞患者的股四头肌肌力在术后早期明显高于股神经阻滞患者,有利于早期功能锻炼。

关键词: 超声;收肌管阻滞;股神经阻滞;术后镇痛;罗哌卡因
Abstract:

Objective To compare the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided continuously postoperative adductor canal block and femoral nerve block after arthroscopic menisectomy. Methods 40 patients for elective menisectomy were assigned to two groups randomly, adductor canal block group(ACB)and femoral nerve block group(FNB)with 20 cases each. The adductor canal block and femoral nerve block after the continuous epidural anesthesia .0.5% ropivacaine 20ml was given.VAS at rest and movement in postoperative 2,6,12,24h,quadriceps muscle strength,side effects and additional analgesic dose were recorded. Results There was no significant difference in the VAS between the two groups. There was significant difference in the quadriceps muscle strength in postoperative 2,6,12h(P﹤0.01). There was no significant difference in the quadriceps muscle strength in postoperative24h. There was no headache, nausea and vomiting, urinary retention and other adverse reactions observed in both groups. Conclusions The efficacy of analgesia was no difference postoperatively. Adductor canal block preserved quadriceps muscle strength better than femoral nerve block in postoperative 2,6,12h.

Key words: Ultrasounography; Adductor canal block; Femoral nerve block; Postoperative analgesia; Ropivacaine