Background　Millions of people die from major trauma each year. Massive hemorrhage after major trauma is not only a common cause of death， but also the leading cause of death in early hospitalization. The common and primary management of these critical conditions is blood component infusion.　Objective　Blood components were analyzed after autologous transfusion（AT） in various kinds of acute traumatic surgeries， to provides reference basis for applying rationally in the clinical autologous blood transfusion.　Content　A brief introduction of AT history and its current usewere reviewed in different kinds of trauma， the blood components after AT were analyzed to investigate the erythrocyte function， inflammation， coagulation function and hot point of researching.　Trend　AT can partly solve the situation of blood shortage， the better understanding of AT， the greater clinical benefits we can achieve.