Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To investigate the protection role of propofol on renal function in extracorporeal circulation（ECC） operation.　Methods　One hundred and twenty-four patients treated with heart valve ECC operation in our hospital from January， 2008 to January， 2014， were randomly divided into observation group and control group by digital randomized method（n=62）. Intraoperative anesthesia of observation group was maintaoned with propofol and sufentanil， while sevoflurane combined with sufentanil was used in controlled group. Anesthesia effect， inflammatory factors and the acute renal injury incidence， 24 h urine volume and urine and plasma microglobulin level of two groups were statistically analyzed.　Results　Patients′ distribution of anesthetic effect as Ⅰ， Ⅱ and Ⅲ level of observation group were 56.48%， 41.94% and 1.61% respectively， while the data were 54.84%， 43.55% and 1.61% correspondingly in the controlled group， the differences of anesthesia effect between the two groups had no statistical significance（P>0.05）. C?蛳reactive protein（CRP）， interleukin（IL）?蛳6，tumor necrosis factor（TNF）?蛳α and other inflammatory factors level of two groups preoperative and postoperative immediate and postoperative 1 week had no statistical significance（P>0.05）. CRP， IL-6 and TNF-α and other inflammatory factors of observation group after treated for 1 week were（8.5±1.3） mg/L，（16.1±1.2） pg/L and（141±10） pg/L respectively， which were lower than those before treatment ［（18.5±3.6） mg/L， （35.1±2.6） pg/L and（316±14） pg/L correspondingly］. Inflammatory factors of the control groups postoperative 1 week was also reduced comparing with those of preoperative， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Acute kidney injury incidence in observation group was 3.23%， which was significantly less than that of the control group（11.29%）， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. Observation group and control group before 24 h urine volume increased， urine and plasma level of β2 microglobulin compared differences no statistical significance（P>0.05）. Compared with the control group， 24 h urine volume of observation group postoperative immediate and postoperative 1 week was increased while urine and plasma microglobulin level of observation group postoperative immediate and postoperative 1 week was lowered， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.　Conclusions　Administration of propofol in ECC operation is worthy of clinical practice for its good anesthesia effect and renal protective effec， and had no obvious effects on the inflammatory factor levels.