Background Propofol is a widely used intravenous agent for anesthesia and sedation. Vascular endothelial cells have important physiologic functions involved in coagulation, material transport and bioactive substances. Endothelial cell dysfunction is regarded as a critical pathogenic factor and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have revealed that propofol has a protective effect on vascular endothelial cells. Objective Although the protective effects of propofol on vascular endothelial cells have been widely studied, the underlying mechanisms are far from clear. This study was to review the protective effects of propofol on vascular endothelial cells and study the potential mechanisms. Content Summarize the advances in protective effect of propofol on vascular endothelial cells. Trend Guide further clinical application of propofol.