Background Normal learning and memory are shaped by a series of neuronal network activity in each brain regions. Many behavioral methods are widely used to study the mechanism of memory processes research which provide great support to the research of diseases and drugs in clinic. At present, the research of the cerebral mechanism of memory have made considerable advances, eg. brain regions involved in long-term and short-term memory process, implications of brain structure injury, neuronal firing activity. Objective To discuss the cerebral mechanism of learning and memory in behavioral methods , attention to complete the neurology of memory and provide theoretical basis for the study nerve system disease. Content The review focus on the cerebral mechanism in learning and memory process Trend The research of cerebral mechanism of learning and memory processes is incomplete, these experimental data will help to guide the further research, support the diagnosis and therapy of nerve system diseases.