Postoperative hoarseness is a rare complication in the perioperative period. But once it occurs, it generally seriously affects the life quality of patients and leads to medical disputes. Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and cricoarytenoid joint dislocation, with completely different therapeutic methods, are the main causes of postoperative hoarseness. Sufficient attention should be paid on the differential diagnosis. Early diagnosis and early treatment help to improve the therapeutic effect of patients. Now we reported a case of female patient with ASA Ⅱ who suffered right vocal cord paralysis and left cricoarytenoid joint dislocation after general anesthesia. For delayed diagnosis and treatment, the patient was finally cured 3 months after surgery. Clinicians should improve their awareness and management of postoperative hoarseness.