Background　Ventilator-induced lung injury(VILI) refers to the pulmonary edema and other pathological changes of lung in the process of applying ventilator．It has been considered that the fundamental reason of VILI is pulmonary microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction． Adherent junction (AJ) and tight junction (TJ) are important components of cell adhesion, which maintain the stability and permeability of endothelial barrier. Focal adhesion kinase(FAK) is a tyrosine kinase which is essential in the maintenance of endothelial barrier properties, and inhibition of FAK activity leads to leaky microvessels.　Objective　To elaborate the role of FAK in VILI and its clinical application.　Content　This review will discuss the research progress of how mechanical ventilation affects FAK and how FAK affects AJ and TJ and in VILI.　Trend　Provide a new theoretical basis for prevention and treatment of ventilator-induced lung injury in clinical．