Background　Neuromuscular blocking agents(NMBAs) may cause an allergic reaction, and serious hypersensitivity reactions can rapidly evolve into life-threatening anaphylaxis.　Objective　To review the recent advances in allergic reactions of NMBAs and provide some references for its clinical application.　Content　This paper formulates clinical manifestation of NMBAs anaphylaxis, cross-reactivity, development of diagnosis and treatment.　Trend　The research on NMBAs anaphylaxis can provide guidance for clinical safe use of NBMAs.