Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To observe the effects of analgesia and rehabilitation by ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane(TAP) block combined with patient controlled intravenous analgesia versus epidural analgesia in open colorectal surgery.　Methods　A total of eighty-four patients undergoing elective open colorectal resections were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly divided into two groups by using a random number table: ultrasound-guided TAP block combined with patient controlled intravenous analgesia(group T) or continuous epidural analgesia(group E)(n=42). The primary outcome was VAS at 48 h after surgery. Rescue analgesia, sufentanil consumption, gastrointestinal function recovery time, ambulation time, hypotension incidence, postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence, sensory and motor abnormality of lower limbs, medical rehabilitation time, and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.　Results　Finally, data of eighty patients were analyzed in this study. No significant difference of VAS, rescue analgesia, gastrointestinal function recovery, postoperative nausea and vomiting incidence, medical rehabilitation time, and hospital stay existed between the two groups(P>0.05). Compared with the group E, the group T has lower incidence of hypotension (15% vs 40%), shorter ambulation time [(64±13) h vs (91±12) h], less sensory and motor abnormality of lower limbs (0 vs 10%), and more sufentanil consumption during and after operation [(49±11) μg vs (43±7) μg] and [(88±12) μg vs (45±5) μg](P<0.05).　Conclusions　Compared with epidural postoperative analgesia, ultrasound-guided TAP block combined with patient controlled intravenous analgesia can provide similar analgesia and rehabilitation effects for patients after open colorectal surgery with lower complications including hypotension.