Background Dexmedetomidine is a highly selected alpha 2 receptor of adrenergic, which can provide unique sedation 、analgesia 、anti-anxiety and the sympathetic nerve inhibition. In recent years, China has been promoting its clinical application. Combining with its characteristic, more and more anesthesiologists tend to apply dexmedetomidine in various types of general anesthesia. Objective To summarize the clinical application of dexmedetomidine. Content It has been demonstrated that DEX works as a sedation、analgesia, prolongs regional anesthesia block time in regional anesthesia, it also can be used in pediatric caudal anesthesia. Trend dexmedetomidine can fully play the role of sedation, analgesia and prolong the action time of local anesthetic, while less adverse reactions, which can be safely used in regional block, worthying of clinical promotion.