Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To evaluate the efficacy of Airtraq laryngoscopy in clinical practice, and to analyze the relevant factors and predictors of this technique in difficult intubation.　Methods　In this retrospective study, we analyzed the general and airway assessment data of 1 609 patients, who received tracheal intubation with Airtraq (as primary or rescue use) in Sichuan Cancer Hospital. According to the application of Airtraq(① The patients likely having difficult airway during preoperative examination were subjected to airway intubation under the guidance of Airtraq. ② Airtraq was applied to assist tracheal inbutation after intubation with laryngoscope failed). Airtraq-assisted intubation was successfully performed in some patients (successful group, group S, n=1 556), but not in other patients (failure group, group F, n=53). The effectiveness of the application of Airtraq in inbutation in patients with difficult airway was evaluated, and the influencing factors and predictors were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression.　Results　The overall success rate of tracheal intubation with Airtraq laryngoscope was 96.71%. The success rates of intubation with Airtraq as primary or secondary approach were respectively 98.12% and 91.31%. The multivariable logistic regression found two independent predictors of difficult airway: abnormal anatomy of the cervical region and limited moving range of cervical spine (<80°).　Conclusions　The use of Airtraq obtains high success rates of tracheal intubation in patients with either normal or difficult airway. Difficult airways can be predicted with two parameters: altered neck anatomy and limited moving range of cervical spine (<80°).