Mechanical ventilation is regarded as an important respiratory support method for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). It′s widely used during the treatment for these patients. However, because of the existence of "brain-lung crosstalk", it′s still be controversial about the strategies of mechanical ventilation for patients with TBI. We reviewed and summarized the related research in recent years. We suggested cautiously using large tide volume, hyperventilation and hypercapnia in clinical practice because they do have some negatively influences on cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. The use of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RMs) can improve the exchange of gas within the pulmonary, but they may have adverse effects on cerebral hemodynamics. It seems safe by taking the strategies of PEEP and RMs when adequate monitors were used for both lung and brain to guarantee stable arterial blood pressure and adequate cerebral oxygen perfusion. However, the best ventilation strategy for patients with TBI still need to be further explored.