【Abstract】Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Perioperative anesthesia and analgesia management are closely related to postoperative recovery for cancer surgery, and may even be associated to the long-term prognosis of cancer patients. To analyze and summarize the literature on the effect of thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) on perioperative period of breast cancer. TPVB is conducive to rapid postoperative recovery of breast cancer by reducing opioid and general anesthetic consumption, reducing postoperative acute pain, modulating postoperative immunosuppression status and tumor microenvironment, improving the potential of antitumor. However, the impact of TPVB on the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) requires more research to confirm. Therefore, the application of TPVB in the perioperative period of breast cancer is worthy of promotion. Further investigations are required to explore the impact of TPVB for long-term prognosis of breast cancer.