Chronic pain is a complicated disease and its pathological mechanism remains unclear, with poor clinical efficacy. An increasing number of evidence indicates that epigenetic regulation is involved in the development of chronic pain. Histone methylation, an important form of epigenetic modification, also plays a pivotal role in chronic pain. This review is designed to summarize the relationship between histone methylation and chronic pain. The biological effects of histone methylation are also discussed. The effects of histone methylation in chronic pain are further discussed, so as to lay foundation for the development of more effective chronic pain‑targeted drugs.