Tau蛋白过度磷酸化形成的神经元纤维缠结（neurofibrillary tangle, NFT）被认为是引起认知功能损害的重要原因之一。过度磷酸化Tau蛋白以多种形式存在于中枢神经系统，对神经元产生毒性作用，并激活小胶质细胞产生免疫应答反应。文章探讨了病理性Tau蛋白中枢神经毒性作用，分析了小胶质细胞与病理性Tau蛋白相互作用在认知功能损害中所扮演的角色，阐述了通过诱导小胶质细胞分化方向调控分化后小胶质细胞分泌因子，干预病理性Tau蛋白所致的认知功能损害。
Neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) formed by hyperphosphorylated Tau is considered to be one of the important reasons of cognitive impairment. Hyperphosphorylated Tau exists in many forms in the central nervous system, producing toxic effects on neurons and activating microglia to induce immune response. This paper aims to explore the neurotoxicity of pathological Tau and to elucidate the role of microglia in its association with cognitive impairment. By regulating the differentiation direction of microglia and controlling the secretory factors of differentiated microglia, we can intervene in the cognitive impairment caused by pathological Tau protein.
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