衰弱指年龄相关性多系统累积缺陷增加而导致机体生理功能储备减退的状态。近年来，老年衰弱患者行择期手术的数量逐步上升，衰弱的严重程度与手术预后和病死率有较强相关性。文章通过对国外衰弱研究中使用的衰弱评估量表的总结，为国内临床衰弱评估工具的选择提供参考。文章综述了两种衰弱临床模型（衰弱表型和缺陷累积模型）、三种衰弱评估量表［简易衰弱问卷（Simple Frailty Questionnaire, FRAIL）、埃德蒙顿衰弱量表（Edmonton Frail Scale, EFS）和PRISMA?蛳7（Program on Research for Integrating Services for the Maintenance of Autonomy）量表］，同时介绍了握力、步行速度和计时起立?蛳走测试（Timed Up-And-Go Test, TUGT）等3项辅助评价指标，期望为临床衰弱患者围手术期相关并发症的研究提供参考。
Frailty refers to the state of decreased physiological function reserve caused by the increase of age-related multisystemic accumulated defects. The number of elderly patients with frailty undergoing elective operations is gradually increasing. The stages of frailty have strong correlation with the prognosis and mortality after surgery. By summarizing the frailty assessment scales used in foreign countries, we provide reference to the selection of clinical frailty assessment tools in Chinese population. This article reviewed two frailty models (phenotype model and the cumulative deficit model) and three assessment tools [Simple Frailty Questionnaire (FRAIL), Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS) and Program on Research for Integrating Services for the Maintenance of Autonomy (PRISMA)-7 Scale]. In addition, three assistant indexes [handgrip strength, gait speed and Timed Up-And-Go Test (TUGT)] are introduced. The present review provides reference for the studies on perioperative complications in patients with frailty.
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