Acute lung injury (ALI) is acute respiratory failure characterized by inflammatory response. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered style of programmed cell death. This review summarized the research advances of alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in ALI, and explained the regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in different lung injury models. Alveolar macrophage pyroptosis mediated ALI. The occurrence and development, in‑depth study of the mechanism of alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in ALI provided more detailed theoretical basis for further targeting therapy of ALI.