Ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉｖｅ　To estimate the effect of Xuebijing(XBJ) injection on cardiac injury associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).　Methods　Sixty CPB patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly divided into a control group and an XBJ group (n=30). Patients in the XBJ group received XBJ 12 h prior to operation, at the beginning of operation, and 12 h after the second injection, while those in the control group was given normal saline alone. Their arterial blood gas analysis, inflammatory factors in peripheral blood and related indicators of oxidative stress were measured before the first injection of XBJ(as a baselin value) and after surgery 0, 12, 24, 48 h. The time of mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU), and treatment duration and discharge time were recorded.　Results　 Compared with the control group, XBJ greatly increased arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspiratory oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) and interleukin(IL)-10 amounts, but decreased the levels of troponin I (TnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), malonaldehyde (MDA), 8-isoprostane, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β and IL-8 after operation (all P<0.05). The XBJ group presented shorter time of mechanical ventilation in ICU, treatment duration and discharge time than the control group, without statistical differences.　Conclusions　XBJ can protect cardiac injury induced by CPB, which may be associated with the down-regulation of inflammatory mediators and oxidative response.