Objective This study gains the status of training and management of nurses in the department of anesthesiology in China in order to put forward some suggestions on promoting the standardization and unification of the training and management of nurses in anesthesiology in our country. Methods During the Annual Meeting of China Society of Anesthesiology in 2018, by using a random sampling methond, we distributed self‑designed questionnaires to the anesthesiological staffs who attended the nursing forums, and a statistical analysis was made on the recovered questionnaire. Results Two hundred and forty‑five questionnaires were distributed while 210 of them were effectively recovered. The recovery rate was 85.7%. Among the 210 staffs, 175 (83.3%) were nurses who engaged in anesthesia nursing care. Among these 175 nurses, 8 nurses (4.6%) reported that their hospitals had not organized any training on anesthesia nursing care. 102 (58.3%) reported that their training was jointly organized by the anesthesiology and nursing department. 117 nurses (66.8%) participated in the standardized training which was organized by the nursing department. 159 nurses (90.9%) participated in the pre‑service training which was organized by the anesthesiology department before taking up their posts. After working, 134 nurses (76.6%) needed routine training. As for the satisfaction evaluation of the training status, 92 nurses (52.6%) were satisfied or very satisfied. Among them, 71 nurses (77.2%) were jointly trained by the anesthesiology and nursing department. Conclusions With the introduction of policies at the national level, it is urgent to formulate corresponding regulations for the training and management of anesthesiological nurses, especially clinical anesthesiological nurses. The national anesthesiological nurses should learn from the successful international experience and combine the actual situation in China to identify the training content, methods and time as soon as possible. This will promote the construction and development of the anesthesiological nursing team in China.