Abstract: Electroencephalography (EEG) can detect neural oscillation. During general anesthesia, brain function and effective inter‑regional connections, network topology, and inter‑regional interactions have undergone significant changes in spatiotemporal dynamics. A combined use of EEG and functional imaging examination provides an effective approach to explore the mechanism of anesthetics. This article reviews the neuropharmacological mechanisms of three types of intravenous anesthetics [propofol, dexmedetomidine(Dex) and ketamine] and inhalation anesthetics (sevoflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane). Then, the EEG characteristics of general anesthetics and the corresponding changes in brain function, such as decreased connectivity, reduced complexity and spatial network shifts were summarized. This study will facilitate the understanding of the neurophysiological mechanism involved in the brain arousal loop.
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