Objective To understand the incidence of anxiety and depression in pain patients in Xinjiang area, so as to pro⁃ vide theoretical evidence for the treatment of pain patients in Xinjiang area. Methods According to the random sampling method, outpatients aged between 20 and 80 years old were selected. Their pain was evaluated through the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS); those with≥1 point were set as pain patients, and 1 012 patients with different degrees of pain were included. The Self⁃Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self⁃Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression. The pain threshold and pain tolerance threshold were measured using an electrical stimulator. Their age, sex and other general information as well as the location, degree and duration of pain were recorded. SAS score ≥50 indicates the presence of anxiety, SDS score≥53 indicates the presence of depression. According to SAS score and SDS score, the patients were divided into anxiety group (361 cases), non⁃anxiety group (651 cases), depres⁃ sion group (306 cases), non⁃depression group (706 cases), anxiety and depression group (193 cases), anxiety and non⁃depression group (102 cases), depression and non⁃anxiety group (36 cases), and non⁃anxiety and non⁃depression group (221 cases). Results The anxi⁃ ety group presented increase in age, NRS score, the proportion of female patients and the proportion of chronic pain, compared with those in the non⁃anxiety group (P<0.05). The depression group presented increases in NRS score, the proportion of female patients and the proportion of chronic pain than those in the non⁃depressed group (P<0.05). Patients with moderate and severe pain showed higher SAS and SDS scores than those with mild pain (P<0.05). The pain threshold and pain tolerance threshold were higher in men than wom⁃en (P<0.05). The anxiety and depression group showed higher NRS scores than the other three groups, and patients in the anxiety and depression group and the non⁃anxiety and depression group presented higher NRS scores than those in the non⁃anxiety and non⁃depres⁃ sion group (P<0.05). Other indicators demonstrated no statistical significance (P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female, chronic pain and moderate pain were independent risk factors for pain patients with anxiety. Female, chronic pain, moderate and severe pain were independent risk factors for depression in pain patients. Conclusions Female, chronic pain and moderate and (or) severe pain were independent risk factors for pain patients with anxiety and (or) depression in pain patiens.