Preschool children have immature physical and mental development, poor cognitive ability, and are in the preoperational stage of cognitive development. They are easily anxious in the face of unfamiliar operating room environments and separation from their parents, which affects the operation's smooth operation. This paper sorts out the theoretical basis and intervention methods of preoperative interest induction in preschool children in recent years and provides more effective interventions to guide medical staff to reduce preoperative fear, reduce preoperative anxiety, and ensure perioperative safety. The plan is to give the children culturally comfortable medical services.