There have been numerous fluid and hemodynamic optimization studies over the past 20 years. Based on the hetero⁃genicity between studies, sometimes there are conflicting results.This article focuses on the research progress of perioperative fluid management in major abdominal surgery, and expounds the best strategy for implementing preoperative fasting in the enhanced recovery surgery pathway. Combined with the literature, the advantages and disadvantages of current intraoperative fluid management schemes were analyzed from the two dimensions of fluid volume and fluid type. On the basis of goal‑directed hemodynamic therapy, the advantages of individualized fluid management were analyzed in order to seek better fluid management solutions, and to provide references for clinical practice and further research.