转位蛋白（translocator protein, TSPO）作为一种急性和慢性神经炎症生物标记物在活化的小胶质细胞中表达增强，研究显示认知功能受损与相关小胶质细胞激活有关。术后认知功能障碍（postoperative cognitive dysfunction，POCD）是一种常见的临床综合征，目前其病因和发病机制仍不清楚。文章综述了TSPO与POCD的机制和发生、发展的关系：在小胶质细胞中，TSPO表达上调后抑制线粒体自噬，导致自噬失调，促使活性氧生成增加导致氧化应激增强，由此造成细胞损伤，激活炎症小体，释放促炎因子，促进神经炎症发生、发展，最终导致POCD。通过研究TSPO和POCD之间的联系，为POCD的治疗提供新思路。
Translocator protein (TSPO) is a biomarker of acute and chronic neuroinflammation, and its expression is enhanced in activated microglia cells. Studies have shown that impaired cognitive function is associated with microglia activation. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common clinical syndrome, and its etiology and exact pathogenesis are still unclear. The current review summarizes the mechanism and development of TSPO and POCD. In microglia, TSPO expression is up‑regulated after inhibition of mitochondrial autophagy, resulting in disorder of autophagy to stimulate the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and eventually lead to POCD. We explore the relationship between TSPO and POCD, which provides new thoughts for the treatment of POCD.
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