Sepsis is a disease in which the body's response to infection is unbalanced and eventually leads to life‑threatening organ dysfunction. As a signal gas, hydrogen has been found to have therapeutic effects on many inflammatory diseases, such as tumor, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sepsis. This article mainly expounds the various mechanisms involved in brain, lung, heart and other organ damage caused by sepsis, and how hydrogen plays the role of adjunctive therapy on sepsis organ damage through anti‑inflammatory, selective antioxidant, anti‑apoptosis and regulating signal pathway. To summarize the protective mechanism of hydrogen on sepsis organ damage and provide support for the clinical transformation of hydrogen in the treatment of sepsis.