G protein‑coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a new type of estrogen receptor belonging to the G protein family, which can activate the corresponding signal transduction pathway after binding with its different ligands, thus exerting the corresponding biological effects and participating in the regulation of some diseases or functions of the body. This review summarizes the related signal transduction pathway mediated by GPER to illustrate the relationship between GPER and cardiovascular diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis (MF), myocardial ischemia, and reperfusion (IR) injury, and to clarify the effect of GPER in the cardiovascular system, providing potential new targets for drug research and development of cardiovascular diseases. GPER and its related signal transduction pathway need further exploration to maximize its therapeutic potential as a drug target.