Tracheal injury is a rare and severe clinical emergency with a high fatality rate. Patients may present symptoms such as subcutaneous emphysema, respiratory distress, pneumothorax, and hemoptysis. Tracheal injury is easy to be ignored due to lack of specific symptoms. Once tracheal injury occurs, it cannot be repaired immediately and accurately, which poses a challenge for emergency treatment and multidisciplinary cooperation in diagnosis and treatment. This article reports the first aid and anesthesia nursing care experience of a patient with tracheal injury after general anesthesia. The patient was discharged with improved condition 6 d after surgery. This article summarized the experience of this case, in order to provide warning and reference for the anesthesia and resuscitation management of such kinds of patients.