【Abstract】 Regional anesthesia (RA) is an essential component of multimodal anesthesia and analgesia, which helps reduce opioid consumption. However, rebound pain after RA can compromise its overall benefits. The intensity of pain has significant clinical implications for patients' mental health, rehabilitation quality, and daily activities. According to current evidence, rebound pain is an unmasking of the expected nociceptive response due to inadequate systemic analgesia. In this review, we examined published literature on the occurrence, effects, and prevention of rebound pain after peripheral nerve blocks in patients to provide insights into the management of acute pain after RA surgery. Strategies to alleviate rebound pain include systemic multimodal analgesia, appropriate patient education, and preemptive analgesia before block. Additionally, the continuous catheter technique and the use of local anesthetic adjuvants to prolong the action time of RA may help relieve rebound pain. However, further studies are necessary to confirm the effectiveness of these approaches.