Fentanyl and sufentanil are commonly used analgesic drugs in clinical practice，most of which are administered intravenously instead of intranasally. Based on the experience of nasal application of opioids in the medical security work of the Skiing Competition in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and the Winter Paralympic Games, this paper reviewed the current situation and progress of the nasal application of fentanyl and sufentanil in the treatment of trauma and emergency pain, intraoperative and postoperative pain relief, cancer pain relief, and sedation and analgesia in children.