Improving the medical service capabilities of county hospitals or below levels is an important part of our country's medical and health management. The department of anesthesiology of Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University provided counterpart technical assistance to the department of anesthesiology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yizheng from 2020 to 2023. The problem-directed assistance takes subject construction as the goal, organizational structure and system construction as the guidance, standardization of anesthetic technology and clinical development of comfort medical multi-modal analgesia technique as the starting point. The ability and workload of the department of anesthesiology of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yizheng have greatly improved for establishing a learning-directed department and the organization and management structure with the director as the leader and the management staff as the division of responsibilities, while accompanied by the improvement of system construction, institutionalization and process management, clinical application and development of core anesthesiology technology through the innovative work modes. The problem-directed model has effectively improved the comprehensive service capabilities of the anesthesiology department for counterpart assistance, and simultaneously promoted the improvement of the clinical diagnosis and treatment level and research thinking ability of anesthesiologists. The grassroots people have enjoyed the homogenization of anesthetic services. The model is worthy of promotion and application.